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Timeline
1360: Edward III and his son, The Black Prince, won a famous battle at Crecy, seized the town of Calais and captured the French King at Poitiers. 1377:
Edward III died at Sheen Palace, Richmond, Surrey on 21st June after reigning for 50 years and was buried at Westminster Abbey, Middlesex. He was 64 years of age and his 10 year old grandson Richard II succeeded him and was crowned King of England on 16th July at Westminster Abbey, Middlesex. 1381: The peasants revolted in England against their landlords and their 14-year-old King Richard II. The people were heavily taxed to pay for wars in France. Rioting took place in many towns throughout England. They marched to London, led by Wat Tiler and rioted in the streets, broke into the Tower of London, stole from merchant's houses and set houses on fire. King Richard met the rebels and promised to help them, but later he punished them. |
Nicholas Bayntun was born in 1358 at Faulston House, in the county of Wiltshire. He was known throughout his life as Nicholas de Benton, or Baynton, however we see the spelling of the surname changing to Bayntun from the turn of he 17th century. A deed, dated at Fallerston (now known as Faulston) 45 Edward III (1372) reads: Thomas de Borestoke, clerk, concedes the Manor of Fallerston to Nicholas de Benton and his wife Joan. Witnessed by Nicholas de Bonham, Henry Gilbert, Oliver Harnham and John Leigh. This may very well be the execution of his father's will. Nicholas Bayntun was just 14 years of age when his father died in 1372 and duly inherited his estates. He appears to have married Joan Daundely about this time also. Joan was said to have been his first cousin, once removed. As far back as 1086 the Manor of Chilton Candover was held of the Bishop of Winchester by Richard de Audely, ancestor of the Daundely family. This manor was settled on Nicholas and his wife in fee-tail in the year they were marrried. From the fact that in default of heirs of Nicholas and Joan, the property was to pass to the right heirs of Joan, it seems probable that Joan was the heiress of the Daundely family. The Manor of Week or Wyke Daundely also followed in the same descent as Chilton Candover, passing with it, from the Daundely family to Joan and her husband Nicholas. In 1275 Lower Wroughton was held by Robert Daundely another ancestor of Joan's and was later called the Manor of Lower Wroughton. By the 1280's, Robert had been followed by another Walter Daundely. The Bishop then relinquished all claim to Wroughton Manor to the Prior of St. Swithun's, and Daundely's land, while still said to be held of the Bishop, was expressly said to lie within the Priors manor. Although the descent of Lower Wroughton is not thereafter clear, the Daundely's heirs were the Bayntuns and it was presumably by inheritance of his wife, Joan, that the manor was held by Nicholas Bayntun in 1401. According to the Calendar of Patent Rolls (1374 - 1377), on the 10th October 1376 Nicholas asked for a royal licence to crenellate the walls of his manor house at Fallerston to protect himself from the unrest in the county among tenants and this licence was granted at Westminster by King. Edward III. The farm was enclosed and run with paid labour, with the tenant farmers losing all their strips of land in the common fields. Faulston was, at that time, a noble old fashioned house and he built four towers around it, added a drawbridge and a moat and crenelated his strong high walls which consisted of freestone and a layer of flints squared and headed. Two of the towers faced south, one east and the other west. By 1650, most of the moat around the house was filled in, the wall pulled down and three of the towers. The remaining tower is still standing today in excellent repair. But despite his strengthened house, Nicholas Baynton had trouble with his bondmen and bond tenants in 1387 when they rebelled against their Lord by withdrawing their customary services and, it seems, by resisting attempts to enforce them. But he was not the only landlord to have such an uprising among his people owners all over the country were in similar difficulties. The next year, 1388, Nicholas asked for an inquiry into the affairs of two of the chapels. The Vicar said that the predecessors of the present Lord of Faulston, their wives and tenants, had all been buried at the Faulston Chapel. This was the Chapel of St. Andrew and St. Mary Magdalen, standing somewhere between Faulston Manor House and Chapel Close. A deed, dated 7 Henry IV (1406), shows Nicholas de Benton, senior, Lord of Fallerston. Witnessed by John Gowayne, Oliver Cervington and Henry Gereberd. There is no record of the burial place of Nicholas Bayntun, but it is thought he and his family before him, may have been buried in a square field, known as Chapel Close, which might have been either the site of a Chapel or a field attached to the Chapel which was next to Faulston House. There are no visible signs of any graves today, unless buried beneath the ground. There is also no record of the death of his wife Joan, but Nicholas Bayntun died in 1412.and was succeeded by his son and heir Nicholas Bayntun |